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Friday, January 3, 2014

SNMP Version 3 Concepts, Configuration and Perform snmpwalk

This should give you an idea of how SNMPv3 works and how to configure it on your Cisco devices.

configure the SNMP v3
SNMP Concepts
SNMP is a protocol that operates at the application layer; it uses the default UDP port 161 for general SNMP messages and UDP port 162 for SNMP trap messages and it defines a method of communication between various networking devices and a central manager for use with the monitoring and management of these devices.

SNMP Versions
There are three different versions of SNMP that can be configured:

  • SNMPv1 - This was the original version of SNMP; SNMPv1 utilizes a community based security mechanism.
  • SNMPv2c - This was created to update a number of little things within SNMPv1; SNMPv2c utilizes a community based security mechanism.
  • SNMPv3 - This was developed to provide a much higher level of security then was provided by either previous version. A couple different security features are implemented within the SNMPv3 standard; these include:
    - Message integrity
    - Authentication
    - Encryption
Configuring SNMPv3 is an improvement over  v2c or v1 with added security features such priv (DES, 3DES, AES) and auth (md5 , sha).

I created username nagios password stal1148 on the network device (130.30.230.1) for test SNMP V3 on the Nagios monitoring system.

SNMP V3
Here is an example using SNMP version 3:
CC-CSW-A01(config)#snmp-server group cisconetwork v3 ?
  auth    group using the authNoPriv Security Level
  noauth  group using the noAuthNoPriv Security Level
  priv    group using SNMPv3 authPriv security level
CC-CSW-A01(config)#snmp-server group cisconetwork v3 pri
CC-CSW-A01(config)#snmp-server group cisconetwork v3 priv ?
  access   specify an access-list associated with this group
  context  specify a context to associate these views for the group
  match    context name match criteria
  notify   specify a notify view for the group
  read     specify a read view for the group
  write    specify a write view for the group
  <cr>
CC-CSW-A01(config)#snmp-server group cisconetwork v3 priv ?
  access   specify an access-list associated with this group
  context  specify a context to associate these views for the group
  match    context name match criteria
  notify   specify a notify view for the group
  read     specify a read view for the group
  write    specify a write view for the group
  <cr>

Verifying SNMP Version 3:
Perform this task to verify the SNMPv3 configuration. The show commands can be entered in any order.
CC-CSW-A01#show running-config | incl snmp
CC-CSW-A01#show snmp group
CC-CSW-A01#show snmp user
CC-CSW-A01#show snmp engineID
CC-CSW-A01#show snmp sessions
CC-CSW-A01#show snmp trap

To test from the CLI on the Nagios monitoring system :
Test Monitor CPU:
[root@NAGIOS libexec]# ./check_snmp_load.pl -v -H 130.30.230.1 -l nagios -x stal1148 -T splat -w 95 -c 100
Alarm at 60 + 5
SNMPv3 login
SNMPv3 AuthNoPriv login : nagios, md5
Checking OID : 1.3.6.1.4.1.2620.1.6.7.2.2.0
OID returned 0
CPU used 0.0% (<95) : OK .........

Test Monitor Disk Space:
[root@FRNAGIOS libexec]# ./check_snmp_storage.pl -v -H 130.30.230.1 -l nagios -x stal1148 -m / -w 80 -c 90
Alarm at 60
SNMPv3 login
SNMPv3 AuthNoPriv login : nagios, md5
Filter : /
OID : 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.3.102, Desc : Swap Space
OID : 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.3.3, Desc : /opt
   Name : /opt, Index : 3
OID : 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.3.101, Desc : Real Memory .........

Test Monitor Interface:
[root@NAGIOS libexec]# ./check_snmp_int.pl -v -H 130.30.230.1 -l nagios -x stal1148 -n eth1 -k -w 0,0 -c 0,0 -B -r -t 60
Alarm at 60 + 5
SNMPv3 AuthNoPriv login : nagios, md5
Filter : eth1
OID : 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2.1, Desc : lo
OID : 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2.14, Desc : eth13
OID : 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2.20, Desc : eth11.2054 .........

Configuring SNMPv3 versus SNMPv2c is highly recommended due the increased security capabilities. Now stop using the insecure SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c on your production networks!

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